Stippling is the creation of a pattern simulating varying degrees of solidity or shading by using small dots.
These dots are made of pigment of a single color and applied with a pen or brush; the denser the dots, the darker the apparent shade—or lighter, if the pigment is lighter than the surface.
The Wall Street Journal still features stippled portraits known as headcuts in its pages.
Here is a stippled portrait of John Wayne:
